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Gabion is a welded wire cage or box filled with materials such as stone, concrete, sand, or soil. So, gabion is a partially flexible block construction used for slope stability and erosion protection in construction. Various types of gabions are constructed and used in different engineering constructions. Sometimes, live rooting branches may be placed between the rock-filled baskets which improves durability and stability of the gabion. This article presents gabion definition, types, applications, and advantages.
Wire mesh used to manufacture the cage of gabion shall poses certain properties otherwise it might not serve its purpose properly. Table 1 provides the desired properties of gabion wire mesh. Table-1: Gabion wire mesh properties
Raw material | Gabion wire mesh properties | ||
Technical properties | Unit | Descriptions | Tolerances |
Mesh | mm | 50x70, 60x80, 80x100, and 100x120 | --- |
Maximum wire thickness | mm | 2-5 | 0.05 |
Amount of covering | gr/m2 | 30-300 | 5 |
Tensile strength | MPa | 350-2000 | 2 |
Elongation (25cm long) | --- | 10% | --- |
Zinic coating strength | Turns | 5 | Shall not break or crack |
Fig. 1: Wire mesh boxes for gabions
There are number of gabion configurations that can be selected based on their cost and function. Common types of Gabion are as follows:
Fig.2 : Basket gabion
Fig. 3: Gabion mattress
Fig. 4: Gabion sacks
Fig. 6: Decorative gabion elements
Gabions are used in several engineering projects and serve various purposes. common applications of gabions are as follows:
Fig. 7: Gabion retaining wall for road embankment
Fig. 8: Gabion mattresses used for covering channels to prevent erosion
Fig. 9: Use of gabions in landscaping
Fig. 10: Gabions used for aesthetic purpose
Gabion has a very high resistance to atmospheric corrosion because of the well bonded zinc coating on the wire and their ability to support vegetation growth.
This feature permits the gabion to settle and deform without failure and loss of efficiency. Specifically, when unstable ground and moving water are encountered.
It provides automatic and easy drainage which eliminates the need for the installation of drainage pipes.
Gabions are satisfactory strong that is it is capable of resisting flood force, torrential force, and ice and earth pressure.
It is more economical in terms of both material and labor in comparison with other gabion alternatives.
Recycled materials can be placed into the gabion cage. The gaps in the soil between filling materials allow the plantation to grow over time. Gabion elements are not affected by natural phenomena.
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